Dyson - a distinctive company - Free Essay Example

Module: Corporate Strategy Assignment title: Dyson a distinctive company Produce a report to complete the following: Analyse the current position of the organisation in relation to its environment and competitors. Evaluate the strategic options now available to the organisation. Recommend the strategic route forward and the methods for implementation of your chosen options. Companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Profile Dyson Ltd.is a British, private company founded in 1991 by James Dyson. Headquarter in Malmesbury, Wiltshire, UK. Ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s a technology company which design and manufactures vacuum cleaners, heaters, hand dryers, bladeless fan and groom tools. Dyson Ltd. becomes global company by selling its products in over 50 countries such as Canada, Spain, France, Belgium, Netherlands, and Germany. However, decide to export in competitive markets like USA, China and Japan. Although, Dyson Company survives into competitive markets and the profit of it, start to rise even more each year. Part A: Companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Current Position Dyson is a company which created by an idea to improve vacuum cleaners with no bags. Few years later become one of the biggest selling company in Britain. Although, that company stood into the market and create a good reputation with ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s brightly coloured vacuum cleaners. So, James Dy son decides to expand his company by exporting to other countries. Firstly, decide to place the manufacturing part of vacuum cleaners to Malaysia and his hand dryers to China. As he said, he needed to follow his competitors to lower cost manufacturing as margin were being eaten.(à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Inside Dysonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , Jill Shepherd Simon Fraser).Furthermore, Dyson become a global company by selling its products in over 50 countries, even thought to the countries which belong to a highly competitive markets, like USA, China and Japan. However, that company for the very beginning has something different; the creative and unique ideas of James Dyson. So, he tries to place the company into a different market position than his competitors. Dyson Company has its strategy to produce innovative products with bright colours to attract more easily the crowd and stand out to the market. Moreover, Dyson promote its products like new, different with a radical change. As the chief execut ive of the company said à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Our success is down to the new idea and the work of teams around the worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . (Finch, J. 2010). Internal Analysis: SWOT Analysis In addition to PESTEL and Porterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s 5 Forces analysis, by performing SWOT analysis through strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats can more easily realise the positive and negatives of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Dysonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . Although, through that analysis the current position of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Dysonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  is more obviously. Strength Innovation: The most important strength of the company. James Dyson believes that innovation is a way of life. So, he adopts that belief into his working environment. Company use technology to produce its products and make the peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s life easier. Actually that company turning the ideas to working machines so simple just by working hand with technology by their side. From bag less vacuum cleaners to energy eff icient and time efficient dryers to desk fan with no blades. Design: Innovative product is good but combine it with a great design makes it even better. Dyson focus on the design led marketing. The products are design with bright colours to gain the interest. By the late of 1990s vacuum cleaners became fashion item. (Doole, I Lowe, R .2010) High quality: Due to the innovation and the great design the products of Dyson have high quality. So, each product has 3-5 years guarantee which is the longest guarantee in the whole industry. (dyson.com) James Dyson foundation: James Dyson by that foundation tries to encourage the young people to become design engineers of the future. That foundation makes him more popular and attracts the interest of people to buy his products. (dyson.com) Employees: One company to be successful must have great employees too. Dyson now has 2.600 engineers and scientists worldwide; some of them are quite experienced and some others are fresh. Howeve r, James Dyson gives the opportunities to everybody because he wants people by his side that are creative and thinkers. (dyson.com) Research Development: Dyson Company is based on research and development. The company support that is better to invest into RD rather than advertising because RD is the way to produce the product with high quality which is matter most. So, without the quality which is the reason to advert? (times100.com) Weaknesses High Prices: is one of the serious weaknesses of the company. Dyson due to the high quality, innovative products have quite high prices than the competitors. For example by checking into online stores, the prices for Dyson is from  £200 and above against Hoover, Vax which begin with the price of  £80 and above. So, that increase the competition because is depend on people how much are willing to pay. Copy patterns: Hoover copies the idea of Dyson about the bag less vacuum cleaner. As a result Dyson sue the Hoover a nd fight on the court about the ownership. That, damages a bit the image of the company because the products can easily copy. However, small companies can steal the idea and produce the same product with lower price, but of course the quality is not going to be the same. (Buncombe, A Arthur, C, 2000) Washing machine failure: James Dyson after the great success of vacuum cleaners decides to design a new, innovative washing machine. That contrarotator washing machine was not so successful because made a loss instead of profit to the company. Actually, the price of the machine was lower than the production cost and the company could not make money of it. (Gross, P. 2012) (West M, R. 2005) Opportunities Global expansion: Dyson is a company that selling its products in over 50 countries; so it becomes a global company. First of all by export globally the profit of Dyson doubled. The company create a good image brand. The expansion also helps to compete more easily with the comp etitors. (Russell, J. 2010). Moreover, China became the fastest growing market in Asia for vacuum cleaner; Dyson achieved to survive in a highly competitive market and become successful. (Quaoyi, L. 2013) Meet customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ needs: Dyson mission is simple, find solution to everyday problem to make the life of people easier. By that customers could trust more the company as a result to become loyal. Economy of scale: Company by 2000, with an increase of sales of Dual Cyclone vacuum cleaner has grown into the marker domination. Dyson sell to UK 100,000 units per month and become the leader in the market of Europe with 20% of the market. (Jones, T. 2002) Threats Competitors with high brand power: Dyson by entering the market it has to face lot of competitors with already high brand image and power. It has to fight hard in order to beat then because customers are difficult to change their loyalty. Some of the biggest competitors are Hoover whoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s the name of the product become synonymous with the company. Electrolux, which provide a wide range of vacuum cleaners with different usage. Moreover are, Bosch, Miele, Vax and SEB group. Cheaper bag less vacuum cleaners: Smallest companies has copy the idea of the bag less vacuum cleaner and sell them in cheaper price. That can attract people because they are going to save money if they buy this one instead of the Dyson. But if Dyson keep the high quality of its products there is anything to afraid. (Jones, T. 2002) Micro Environment: Porterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s 5 Forces Threat of new entrance: Dyson Company in a short term period achieved a high profit in UK and even more in the global market. That is quite remarkable for a company with a lot of competitors with a brand power. Moreover, Dyson has differentiated its products from its competitors by using innovation and industrial design. (Mangham, C. 2006) So, it focuses more for the quality rather th an the prices like its competitors. As a result of that, company succeeded in the market. However, low cost suppliers start entering the market but due to the high barriers of entrance, are difficult to beat a company with a brand power. That happens due to the high expenses to build an image in a competitive market; they are newcomer and they do not have the qualified experience for that. Also, the low quality of their products cannot destroy the loyalty of the customers. Micro Environment: PESTEL 1 | Page

Eliot Ness - 3032 Words

Who was Eliot Ness? Nearly anyone knows Ness#8217; accomplishments in Cleveland when he went up against Al Capone. Most also know Capone eventually went to jail for tax evasion, but what happened to Ness and his Untouchables? Did they merely fade away into quiet life? The fate of Ness was quite the opposite, he continued doing what he fell in love with. Taking down corruption on any level. He carried on his war on the mob for an entire decade after Capone, staging daring raids on bootleggers, illegal gambling clubs and generally putting organized crime on the run. Ness#8217; exploits in Chicago were chronicled in his book The Untouchables, but if he had carried on against the mob, why wouldn#8217;t he publicize such exploits? He†¦show more content†¦Bill Gardner: an enormous former pro football star of Native American decent Even with his team of specialists Ness was not without human fears. It was well known that Al Capone was the greatest criminal ever to walk the earth a nd every honest cop who ever went after him wound up dead. Not only cops for that matter but rivaling gangsters, such as Bugs Moran who was executed in the famous St. Valentine#8217;s Day Massacre. Despite the obvious danger Ness ripped into Capone#8217;s illegal activities with unmatched zeal. The first skirmish Ness had with Capone was an unparalleled success. He split his team so that each would make two raids that night for a total of eighteen stills. It was a complete success, fifty-two men were jailed and thousands of dollars in equipment was confiscated, and the product of this equipment poured down the sewers. In the months that followed Ness led raid after raid, and although Capone adapted his defenses, Ness adapted his attacks as well. Wire tapping was their most useful ally and helped them meet success time after time. At first Capone thought against assassinating Ness, seeing as the death of a prominent federal agent would only worsen his troubles. However Capone truly b elieved that every man had his price and tried to bribe Ness with two thousand dollars a week. At the time Eliot made a mere three thousand dollars a year, yet his integrity forbade him to take the bribe. He similarlyShow MoreRelatedEssay on Eliot Ness2928 Words   |  12 Pages Who was Eliot Ness? Nearly anyone knows Nessamp;#8217; accomplishments in Cleveland when he went up against Al Capone. Most also know Capone eventually went to jail for tax evasion, but what happened to Ness and his Untouchables? Did they merely fade away into quiet life? The fate of Ness was quite the opposite, he continued doing what he fell in love with. Taking down corruption on any level. He carried on his war on the mob for an entire decade after Capone, staging daring raids on bootleggersRead MoreEssay about The Untouchables562 Words   |  3 Pages The Untouchables nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The author of this book was Eliot Ness. He was a prohibition agent given the special assignment of cracking down on the Chicago mob and illegal liquor sales. He was six feet tall, 180 pounds. Graduated in the top third of his class in both highschool and at the University of Chicago. Both his parents were from Norway, and he was raised in the traditional way. His reasoning behind writing this book was to tell the inside story of what really happenedRead MoreAnalysis of The Hollow Men by T.S. Eliot Essay1367 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of The Hollow Men by T.S. Eliot Eliot, a master of the written craft, carefully thought out each aspect of his 1925 poem The Hollow Men. Many differences in interpretation exist for Eliots complex poetry. One issue never debated is the extensive range of things to consider in his TS Eliots writing. Because TS Eliot often intertwined his writing by having one piece relate to another The Hollow Men is sometimes considered a mere appendage to The Waste Land. The Hollow MenRead MoreThe Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock by T.S. Eliot Essay914 Words   |  4 Pagesthe era of modernism, the reader is capable of unraveling that the poem’s true purpose was not only to show Prufrock’s inability to make decisions when it comes to love, but to show the desolation that one faces in times of a modernistic transition. Eliot depicts Prufrock’s transition phase through a gloomy and solemn tone, incorporating imagery, metaphor and synecdoche to fully illustrate Prufrock’s despondent state of mind and s pirit. Prufrock invites us, the reader, through his journey of self-evaluationRead MoreSummary Of The Movie The Untouchables1178 Words   |  5 Pagesasking. After watching the movie, there are many questions that come to mind. Like why were so many people were against Eliot Ness, and why would the untouchables risk so much to put Al Capone away. To start off Elliot Ness and his group of untouchables had many people against him. Many of the officers in the police force were on Al Capone’s payroll, so they didn’t want Eliot Ness to investigate the matter any further. They were getting about two thousand dollars a week, which was a lot of money evenRead MoreThe Prohibiton Era1616 Words   |  7 Pagesera was, without a doubt, special agent Elliot Ness. He is most remembered for his role in bringing down Al Capone. Ness was known for possessing intelligence, honesty, and integrity. He entered the service in 1926. Assassination, bombings, bullets, and corruption were routine. In 1930, Herbert Hoover was ready to put a stop to Al Capone and his schemes. One effort from Ness, their newly appointed special agent, would be enough to cripple Capone. Ness and his team deteriorated Capone’s ability toRead MoreHistory of Drug Laws and Law Enforcement1637 Words   |  7 Pagesadminister this new regulation was evid ent. The American Treasury Department assumed this responsibility and created a Bureau of Prohibition. The most famous Bureau of Prohibition agent was Elliot Ness. Ness led a group of agents, known as The Untouchables, who pursued infamous bootleggers such as Al Capone (Eliot Ness). Following the repeal of Prohibition, the Treasury Department established the Federal Bureau of Narcotics. Led by Harry J. Anslinger, the FBN focused its manpower on marijuana and theRead MoreProhibition Essay942 Words   |  4 Pagesprohibitionists believed that it was morally bad to be intoxicated and drunkenness had a negative effect on the life and health of Americans (Johnsen 70). One very influential prohibitionist was Eliot Ness, who was the leader of the Untouchables and helped to undermine Al Capones bootlegging scams in Chicago. Eliot Ness and his group of law enforcers believed in prohibition and sought to take down anyone who violated the law of the nation. As the United States was entering into World War I, prohibitionistsRead MoreEssay about Act One Scene One of Educating Rita841 Words   |  4 Pagesscene is a problem that was also faced by Russell as well. When Frank is looking for alcohol behind books he can not remember where he had hidden the bottle of whiskey which indicates that he might have been drinking before. â€Å"Where the hell†¦? Eliot?† When he remembers where he has hidden the whiskey he is very happy. â€Å"Jubilantly.† This visual clue shows the extent of Frank’s alcoholism. Franks â€Å"pours himself a large slug into the mug.† People drink in small glasses because it is very strongRead MoreEra of Prohibition in THe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1473 Words   |  6 Pagesgovernment realized how dangerous and large Al Capone’s business was. They sent a federal agent to go and completely stop Al Capone from causing any more chaos. The federal government got Eliot Ness on the investigation for Al Capone. â€Å"Ness severely damaged Capones business. What finally brought Capone down, though, was not Ness, but another team of federal agents. At the same time that Nesss unit was going after Capone for bootlegging, a team headed by Frank J. Wilson was gathering evidence against Capone

Trade Creation and Trade Diversion Free Essay Example, 1750 words

Mostly in the international trades, trade diversion arises as a result of one business being able to offer importation into a particular country at a lower production cost than the other business competitors. The diagram shows that before the UK joined EC, the importation price from New Zealand was P1 and UK consumed Q1 to produce Q2. That is as per New Zealand's tariffs. However, on joining the EC, it is able to enjoy the EC free price tariff price of P2, which is above the tariff-free price P3 of New Zealand. Therefore, to state the losses and gains in welfare, there is a rise in consumer extra in area 1+2+3+4. In the producer in area 1, there is a reduction in the surplus of the producer. Finally, there will also be a loss of the government revenue tariff of area 3. In countries involved in both trade creation and trade diversion, there are several differences realized before the trade creation and after the trade creation. To start with, trade creation eliminates trade barriers between the member countries thus encouraging the trade between the member countries, therefore, discouraging the trade between the non-member one. We will write a custom essay sample on Trade Creation and Trade Diversion or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Before trade creation, this phenomenon is not realized. To add on that, after trade creations, member countries are free to exploit and freely trade with members of their choice. The member countries can also import goods at a lower cost thus enabling them to produce goods and services at a lower cost. Nevertheless, before trade creation, no country is allowed to trade freely with its country of choice. This ends up in higher costs of production that result from higher importation cost (Laine, 2011). Moreover, prior to trade creation, every country works as individual imposing different tariffs on various countries to protect their industries. After trade creation, all member countries within the union have standardized tariffs. Another difference is that, after trade creation, once a union is formed, all members agree to eliminate all tariffs between them. As a result of these zero tariffs on imports, consumer demand raises thus leading to another trade creation.

Human Trafficking And The Civil Rights Movement - 909 Words

Everyday millions of people are enslaved, used, and abused in one of the greatest civil rights violations in human history. Modern slavery; better known as human trafficking, is currently spanning the globe and affecting millions of people in hundreds of countries but is widely ignored by society. According to a reporter for National Geographic Magazine, â€Å"There are more slaves today than were seized from Africa in four centuries of the trans-Atlantic slave trade. The modern commerce in humans rivals illegal drug trafficking in its global reach and the destruction of lives† (Cockburn). This epidemic is sorely in need of becoming a priority for 1st world governments which will only happen with pressure from ordinary citizens. Similar to the civil rights movement in 1960’s America, people are being abused, hurt, and denied their fundamental rights. What’s true now just as it was then is that it is the responsibility of every person to come together to create c hange. In order to effect this change, activists should conduct campaigns and rallies with the objective of engaging the public and drawing followers to their cause. The more followers that a cause gains, the more power it can utilize to get those people who hold positions of responsibility to conform to their desires. An example of this was near the beginning of this year when policymakers tried to subtly push a new cyber securities bill; known as CISPA, that was found to be very invasive and detrimental to the AmericanShow MoreRelatedPolicy Analysis Iii- Compare and Contrast Paper809 Words   |  4 PagesStates Human Trafficking Policy, this policy is not a successful one but this policy is steadily improving with sustainable reform. The criminal justice system practice the model of Packard’s Due Process, established with the promise form the United States Constitution for individuals civil liberties and rights. This paper will evaluate the issues that courts and law enfor cement deals with while working and implementing prior polices. United States Human Trafficking Policy Human trafficking is aRead MoreHuman Dignity And The Inalienable Rights Of Every Person1251 Words   |  6 PagesWhen Europeans began to colonize the New World at the end of the 15th century, they were well aware of the institution of slavery. Slavery has been a part of human society since its beginning and it continues to increase today. This kind of activities continues to growth in today’s society in different forms every country in the world. Mostly women are forced to practice prostitution, children and adults may be required to work in farming or factories producing goods for global corporate companiesRead MoreEssay about Fighting Injustice 922 Words   |  4 Pagesfascism, civil rights abuses and unjust treatment in general because of the brutal and horrible lives that some people during his time had to experience and suffer under. The quote also states that injustice to any person of this planet is wrong and that regardless of rhyme or reason people should cease to b e oppressed by their individual governments and instead be listened to and cooperated with by the local institutions. However, it can also be a reference to the Civil Rights Movement of MLK’sRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is The Exchange Of Human Beings Worldwide953 Words   |  4 PagesHuman trafficking is the exchange of human beings worldwide. As devastating as it is, human trafficking has been taking place since the United States was granted freedom from Britian. Everyone from the African Americans, children, women, and grown men have been victims of this color-blind crime. No one is quite sure how many African slaves were forced into America but the number is estimated to be between 92,000 and 291,126 between the U.S.’s birth of a nation and the Civil War (Ingersoll, 2005)Read MoreModern Day Slavery Essay1039 Words   |  5 PagesProject: Human Trafficking â€Å"Modern Day Slavery† â€Å"SLAVERY was abolished 150 years ago, right? While it is true that slavery is illegal almost everywhere on earth, the fact is there are more slaves today than there ever were†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Despite the grim reality described in this quote, I believe Robert Alan successfully undermines a common misconception held by Americans, both young and old. Although we are brought up thinking that Abraham Lincoln with his Emancipation Proclamation along with the Civil WarRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is The Third Largest International Crime Industry1236 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to â€Å"11 Facts About Human Trafficking,† â€Å"between 14,500 and 17,500 people are trafficked into the United States each year. Human trafficking is the third largest international crime industry (behind illegal drugs and arms trafficking). It reportedly generates a profit of $32 billion every year. Human trafficking victims can easily get STD’s, HIV/AIDS, untreatable diseases, cultural sh ock, and many more severe health problems.† Slavery also has dealt with these similar statistics and healthRead MoreNepal Is The Beautiful Country1470 Words   |  6 Pagesaccounts for 40% of the gross national product. More than 240 years Nepal was ruled by the royal family but in 1990 Nepal became a democratic nation with a constitutional monarchy. In 1996, CPN, Maoist started violence conflict against the government and civil war was continued until 2006. After peace agreement between Maoist and others political parties, monarchism was abolished and constitutional assembly election was held. Recently they made a new constitution. In the meantime, in 2015, Nepal was heavilyRead MoreSlavery : The State Of Being A Slave1195 Words   |  5 Pagesbuild the united nation to what it was, eventually it would tear the nation apart. D.) The Civil war began due to differences between the free and slave states. They fought over the power of the national government to prohibit slavery in the territories that had not become states yet. E.) The American Civil War began in 1861 and lasted four years, until 1865. Preceding the war, however, there was a movement to abolish slavery that wedged the north and south apart. This war would determine whetherRead MoreThe Problem Of Sex Trafficking1684 Words   |  7 PagesThe Solution to Human Trafficking is Just As Difficult As the Problem Sex Trafficking is a global phenomenon defined most often as the trade in women and children using force, fraud or coercion to cause a commercial sex act. Prostitution, pornography and sexual performance that is committed in exchange for money, drugs, shelter, food or clothes is defined as a commercial sex act. Sex Trafficking has a firm grip as a multi-million dollar production, recently skyrocketing with the modern era of technologyRead MoreHuman Trafficking Supply Chain Risk1160 Words   |  5 Pagesntro: Human Trafficking Supply Chain Risk When the media talks about human trafficking, the first thing that comes to mind is the kidnapping and sale of women and children. Of girls lured from their homes. But human trafficking is more than just sex trafficking. Many victims of trafficking are conscripted into modern-day slavery through force, fraud, or coercion. This takes the form of debt bondage, forced labor, and involuntary child labor. Human Trafficking is also a supply chain issue. Human

Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Peoples - 975 Words

A third consideration in regard with the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples is the meaning of sovereignty. The discourse on sovereignty is obscure and non-reflexive. It situates itself somewhere between moral axiology, social ideology and political and legal authority. The link between sovereignty and politics within the public discourse often mask oppressive power relations between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people (Prokhovnik, 2015). Furthermore, the mainstream political discourse undoubtedly takes sovereignty â€Å"as though it really were an uncontested foundation†, which erases the significance of the Indigenous as the first nations (Prokhovnik, 2015, p. 415). For the settlers, perhaps their self-importance as imperialists was more valued than embracing new notions of nationalism (Ward, 2001). For them, the establishment of colonies represented the expression of the external power of sovereign European states, even if only possible as a result of conq uest, and their colonies â€Å"were considered sufficient justification for the imposition of sovereign power† (Patton, 1996, p. 149). Unfortunately, this unresolved ambivalence about the colonisation of Australia has also left the peoples of this country with an ambivalent identity (Connors, 2001). The ‘white-Australian’ sovereignty was first granted by an Act of the Parliament of the UK in 1901, then was recognised as an independent dominion in 1931 (Prokhovnik, 2015). In 1948, through CommonwealthShow MoreRelatedAboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Peoples1456 Words   |  6 Pages†¢ Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are the oldest surviving culture in the world. They have occupied Australia for at least 65,000 years. Their cultures are complex and diverse. †¢ The reason Aboriginal cultures have survived for so long is their ability to adapt and change over time. †¢ It was this affinity with their surroundings that goes a long way to explaining how Aboriginal people survived for so many millennia. †¢ In Australia, Indigenous communities keep their cultural heritageRead MoreAboriginal And Torres Strait Islander People Essay1562 Words   |  7 Pages Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are a distinct traditional cultural group of the Australian population. The historical wealth of the importance of contribution to country by the Indigenous people of this nation is truly significant. At the Indigenous Future-Venture Research Institution (IFVRI) we place at the forefront of our mission, the aim to develop and implement, through the in-depth research and analysis of data, new material for awareness platforms and information that will primarilyRead MoreThe Role Of Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander People1586 Words   |  7 Pagesdescribe the actions of which Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, mostly children, were taken away from their families between the 1890’s and the 1970’s (Korff, 2014). Children were taken to institutions or adopted by non-Indigenous families and most never saw their families again. In the early 1900’s the Australian public was persuaded into believing Aboriginal ch ildren were deprived, mistreated and at risk in their own communities. People believed that Aboriginal children would receive a betterRead MoreWork Effectively with Aboriginal and / or Torres Strait Islander People1300 Words   |  6 PagesWork Effectively with Aboriginal and / or Torres Strait Islander people 1. How many years ago, is it estimated, that the shape of Australia’s coastline was defined? †¢ 6000 years ago 2. In what year did the Dutch first explore Australia’s coastline? †¢ 1606 3. In what year did they proclaim Botany bay as a penal colony? †¢ 1788 4. What disease in 1789 affected the Aboriginal population? †¢ Small pox 5. What happened to Aboriginal land in 1794? †¢ Aboriginals were dispossessed ofRead MoreThe Health And Cultural Safety Of Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Peoples3371 Words   |  14 Pagessafety of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples. Briefly discuss this impact for each of the 5 issues. Colonisation: One of the most immediate impacts on the health of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people was Diseases. Diseases brought over by the British quickly spread throughout the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander tribes. The Indigenous peoples did not have immunity to these European diseases and the populations of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people sufferedRead MoreHealth Inequalities Experienced By Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander People1222 Words   |  5 Pagesinequities experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia. Health inequities describe the differences in health status or in the distribution of health resources between different population groups, ascending from the social conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age. In Australia, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders experience far more ill health than other Australians. The major inequities experienced among these people include: * †¢ Younger mortalityRead MoreHistorical Developments Of Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Peoples Struggles For Rights And Freedoms1832 Words   |  8 Pages‘Outline the significance of key developments in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ struggles for rights and freedoms’. Since European invasion in 1788, Indigenous Australians have fought to retain their rights and freedoms and to have governments recognise them. From 1788 and onwards the British created settlements on land that Aboriginal people previously used and controlled. Throughout the 19th century the government applied policies of ‘protection’ that have segregated AboriginesRead MoreTeaching Inclusive Australian History And Presenting The Perspectives Of Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander People1513 Words   |  7 PagesNon-Indigenous teachers’ encounter numerous barriers when teaching inclusive Australian history and presenting the perspectives of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Teachers often lack education and exposure, have a fear of opposition or consequences, or have minimal awareness of one’s own beliefs and dispositions, amidst other uncertainties (O’Dowd, 2015). As a training teacher with a non-Indigenous heritage, I must consider m y own ethical positioning (O’Dowd, 2010), so I can best participateRead MoreThe Discourse Of Whiteness Has Impacted On The Educational Outcomes For Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Peoples1865 Words   |  8 PagesThe discourse of whiteness has severely impacted on the educational outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples (herein referred to as Indigenous Peoples). The discourse is based on an ontology founded on overt racism, discrimination, prejudice, exclusion and dispossession and towards all Indigenous Peoples. Subsequently, the history of Indigenous Peoples experiences in relation to education is extremely negative. They have been denied the right to the same education as non-IndigenousRead MoreEssay Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders1586 Words   |  7 PagesAboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people have faced disadvantages in various areas, particularly housing. The disadvantages these people face now are the result of policies introduced by the European settlers, then the government. The policies introduced were protection, assimilation, integration and self-determination. It is hard to understand the housing disadvantages faced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people if

The Stock Market Crash of 1929 Free Essays

Abstract The paper investigates the causative factors of the 1929 stock market crash. With help of the economic data and previous researches, it has been highlighted that the tight monetary policy led to the crash and subsequent economic failure in 1932. Besides other factors, the prime lesson from the crash for investors in the 21st century is to adopt a diversification strategy, and that for government officials is to employ their power wisely and strategically. We will write a custom essay sample on The Stock Market Crash of 1929 or any similar topic only for you Order Now List of Figures and Table Table 1: Economic Indicators of the US: 1929 to 1932. 5 ——————————————- 5 Figure 1: The Fall of the Dow Jones: 1928 to 1934. 4 ———————————————– 4 Figure 2: Unemployment rate in the US: 1929 to 1940. 6 —————————————— 6 Abbreviations DJIA= Dow Jones Industrial Average MS= Money Supply NYSE= New York Stock Exchange ROI= Return on Investment Introduction America’s economy suffered a massive stock market crash in 1929 when the â€Å"roaring twenties† bubble burst, resulting in eradicating $5 billion from the NYSE in a matter of 3 days(Lange, 2007). The objective of this brief is to investigate the elements which played a pivotal role in the crash and its impact on the American economy. However, this discussion cannot be comprehensive without highlighting the lessons which today’s economists and investors could learn from the 1929 crash. Pre-crash Dynamics In the early 20th century, US economy experienced exponential growth as a ramification of industrialization, advancements in technology, and expanding middle class; hence the economists referred to that era as the roaring twenties. The DJIA soared during 1921-1929, primarily driven by the aggressive share-purchase. The bull market sentiments found their roots in the belief that stock market investment was the safest because of the country’s strong economic boom. Source: Gitlin, 2008, p.64 The index skyrocketed; from 60 points reached 400 points within a small time span, as is shown in Figure 1 (Gitlin, 2008). However, the short-sightedness, or sheer foolishness of investors, reversed the situation. How Did the Crash Occur? The boom in the stock market provided an opportunity for margin purchasing; which simply means borrowing to purchase. The rationale behind this strategy is the effect of financial leverage; it increases ROI by manifolds (McLaney, 2003); for instance, a 1% increase in market return could result in 10% increase in ROI. However, the leverage effect can be opposite as well which was completely ignored due to over-optimism of the investors. Experts are of view that during 1929, the speculation about the rise in price, driven by strong economic growth gave birth to an abnormally optimistic investor attitude (Galbraith, 2009). Nevertheless, when the Federal Reserve (Fed) increased the interest rate to cool the overheated stock market, a powerful bear market emerged. Investors, in a state of panic, started selling their shares, which made the DJIA drop from 400 to 145 points within 3 days (Lange, 2007). Investors, who purchased on debt paid for 10% in cash and 90% from borrowed funds, were not able to pay back their debt when the share prices fell very much contrary to their expectations; consequently they reached a point of bankruptcy. Experts in Behavioural Finance believe that acting in a state of panic was also one of the significant drivers for the stock market crash. Stock-market-behaviour observation asserts that investor sentiments are usually contagious and can cause a snow-ball effect, which in extreme situations, can lead to market crash (Reilly Brown, 2007). The effect of crash augmented because many banks had also invested their customers’ deposits in the stock market; when prices fell , banks lost their deposits. Subsequently, bank runs occurred when depositors tried to withdraw their funds from the banks all at once. As a ramification of this, 10,000 banks were bankrupted, $140billion of saving was lost in the crash, and the financial system of the country was decimated (Galbraith, 2009). Impact of the Crash Economists believe that Fed’s tight monetary policy was the main driver for the crash that subsequently resulted in the Great Depression of 1932. Source: EIU, 2013 Source: EIU, 2013 The degree of decimation brought by the stock market crash can be assessed by the fact that the economy had to suffer for four years before it reached the trough in 1932. American economy was unbelievably crashing; its unemployment rate increased from 3.2% in 1929 to 25% in 1932 (EIU, 2013) (See Figure 2). Its GDP fell by 26% within a span of four years. The decrease was primarily driven by 48.7% and 5.8% average decrease in investment and consumption respectively (EIU, 2013) (See Table 1). Moreover, the economy suffered deflation, that is, negative rate of inflation, which implies that the borrowers had to payback more valuable USD than the ones they had borrowed (Mishkin, 2007). The deflation occurred because the money multiplier decreased to such an extent that the MS increased despite the decrease in monetary base; this was the repercussion of the Fed’s short-sighted monetary policy. This deflation along with 16% real interest rate in 1932 (McGrattan Prescott, 2004), actually drove the collapse in investment. In fact, it was not only the economic loss, but the number of suicides, the decrease in the quality of life, the rise in the street crime, the lawlessness, and the despair in the society have also been highlighted as gruesome impact of the depressive economy. What Does the Crash Teach? There are many lessons which economists and investors can learn from the historic crash; however; few of the most applicable lessons in today’s market are; Government actions can help strike a balance between optimism and pessimism pertaining to stock market investment. Therefore, if government would constantly pronounce markets as over-valued, investors would come to believe it and strategise accordingly (White, 1990). The fact that an investment could deteriorate by 40% in one month and by over 90% in three years time, highlights an immense need for diversification in a portfolio. Adding bonds, cash, and precious metals along with equity could help mitigate the risk (Reilly Brown, 2007). Leveraged portfolio can be a blessing in disguise for uninformed investors. The positive leverage could help increase the profits provided that the sensitivity of cues for unfavourable conditions remains high at all times. There were people who were able to cap their losses in 1929, because they were more sensitive to indicators cueing problems than others (White, 1990). Last but not the least; banks, financial markets, and economy are all interlinked with each other. An issue in one could spread to all, within and outside domestic economy. Therefore, government policy makers must see the big-picture before devising changes in the monetary and fiscal policies. Conclusion The stock market crash of 1929 was one of the most significant events in the history of America. It was the short-sighted tight monetary policy of Federal Reserve which fuelled the crash. Tight monetary policy created a fear of loss for margin buying investors, which subsequently resulted in panic driven bear market and an eventual crash. The economy suffered long-term effects of the crash in the shape of the Great Depression of 1932 when the country was at her deepest troughs. The crash of 1929 teaches that; investments are more sentimentally driven; therefore, if authorities constantly pronounce markets being over-priced, investors would eventually believe it. Secondly, diversification should be a significant element in one’s investment strategy. Lastly, magnification of returns by financial leverage should be done only when the borrowing cost is less than ROI. References [1]EIU (2013) Economic data: The United States of America [Online] Available at: www.economistintelligenceunit.com [Accessed 8 October, 2013] Galbraith, J.K. (2009) The Great Crash of 1929, n.d. London, Houghton Mifflin Gitlin, M. (2008) The 1929 Stock Market Crash, n.d. Minnesota, ABDO Lange, B. (1929) The Stock Market Crash of 1929: The End of Prosperity, n.d. New York, Infobase McGrattan, E.R., Prescott, E. (2004) The 1929 stock market: Irving fisher was right, International Economic Review, Vol. 45, pp. 991–1009. McLaney, E. (2003) Business Finance: Theory and Practice, 6th ed. Essex, Financial Times Prentice Hall Mishkin, F.S. (2007) Monetary Policy Strategy, n.d. Massachusetts, MIT Reilly, F., Brown, K. (2007) Investment Analysis Portfolio Management, 11th ed. Mason, South-Western White, E. N. (1990) The stock market boom and crash of 1929 revisited, Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 4, Issue no, 2, pp. 67-83 [Online] Available at: http://wwww.jstor.org/stable/1942891 [Accessed 8 October, 2013] How to cite The Stock Market Crash of 1929, Essay examples

Individualism free essay sample

Perhaps the tendency toward individualism has never been more manifest than it is now. Apparently, people are significantly overwhelmed by self-oriented and snobbish life style. This fact has posted a contentious issue associated to whether humans need to revive moral and traditional values. Personally, I am of the opinion that reshaping the bygone concept of family and community is of paramount importance based on the undermentioned justifications. In modern society, the rise of egoism has triggered a myriad of detrimental impacts on the family solidarity. That only one member of a family is individualistic is likely to provoke the breakdown of the family unity. An old saying teaches us: â€Å"Blood is thicker than water†. Traditionally, family, the crib of each person, brings humans a sense of safety and invariably is deemed where people turn to first if confronted with the ups and downs in their life. People used to live with appreciation of an ethos of sharing and caring, but at present, the story is totally different. We will write a custom essay sample on Individualism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They engage in working separately for their personal merits in the absence of human ethics, showing ignorant attitude towards both tangible and emotional support from family. Another drawback of egoism can be noticed in the way people behave in community. So hoggish are some people that they desire to enrich themselves thanks to unlawful activities. The fact shows that regardless of human safefy, many businesspeople are willing to producing disqualified products and cajoling people into buying what they do not actually need. More importantly, they refuse to plough back any fraction of handsome incomes to the community well being. In the society, relationship among people is prone to become superficial, transient and ad hoc. It comes as no surprise when people remain onlookers and express indifferent attitude when asked for assistance by neighbors. In the light of the above-discussed arguments, one can subscribe to a notion that social solidarity has been dismantled in front of overwhelming egoism. Greedy and self-centered character of one individual may lead to grave problems. It is highly recommended that the whole society and each family should never give up on the current society, striving to reconstruct and reshape the codes of ethics as well as concepts of human values. Hence, our world will regain its truly enduring values.